Mole On Tongue And NUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCIES

NUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCIES Iron and vitamin deficiency is one of the most common deficiencies that affect the oral cavity including the tongue. Chronic iron deficiency is associated with Plummer Vinson syndrome where tongue is very painful with burning sensation. The tongue is inflamed and beefy red, smooth or bald due to atrophy of papilla, hence called as Hunter’s glossitis (Fig. 12). Vitamin B12 deficiency associated with pernicious anemia results in inflammation of the tongue with beefy red, atrophy of papilla and soreness resulting in smooth tongue. The tongue is severely affected by other vitamin deficiencies like niacin deficiency (pellagra) results in black tongue and riboflavin deficiency causes magenta tongue. The treatment should comprise of first identifying the underlying cause of the deficiency and then the appropriate supplement should be given  Mole On Tongue And  NUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCIES.



NEOPLASM 

Squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue is the most common malignant tumor of the oral cavity in patients younger than 40 years and is more common in men than women.16 It is regarded as a biologically different entity compared to cancer affecting other oral sites. It is more aggressive and generally associated with a higher rate of metastasis. It commonly involves the mobile tongue i.e., anterior two-thirds of the tongue, lateral borders followed by dorsum. It may arise de novo or from an existing leukoplakia or irritation from a sharp tooth or prosthesis. It is clinically silent as there is laxity of the tissue planes separating the intrinsic tongue musculature, which helps cancer cells to spread easily and becomes symptomatic only when tumor size interferes with tongue mobility. Despite, the ease of inspecting the tongue by both patient and physician, they often present late, as they are usually painless and often ignored by the patient. Eventually, they present as a nonhealing ulcer which, demonstrates growth over time usually >2 cm at presentation, with the lateral border being the most common site (Fig. 15). The patient may develop speech and swallowing dysfunction and pain occurs when the tumor involves the lingual nerve, and this pain may also be referred to the ear.


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